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Table 3 Modification frequencies in PubChem standardization applied to standard InChI-derived chemical structures

From: PubChem chemical structure standardization

 

Modified substancesa

Exclusively modified substancesb

First modified substancesc

Verify element

–

–

–

Verify hydrogen

205,318

36,634

205,318

Verify functional groups

4,759,458

578,750

4,653,740

Verify valence

–

–

–

Standardize annotations

–

–

–

Standardize valence bond form

42,107,606

37,882,115

37,882,174

Standardize aromaticity

28,150,798

10,095

101,021

Standardize stereochemistry

90,424

90,364

90,364

Standardize explicit hydrogens

1558

547

547

  1. For each standardization step on the PubChem substance database, three different substance counts are provided
  2. aThe total number of substances that are modified in a standardization step
  3. bThe number of substances that are only modified in the indicated standardization step and not in any of the others
  4. cThe number of substances that are first modified in the indicated standardization step without having been modified in any of the previous steps